An anal fistula is an abnormal channel connecting the inside of the rectum or anal canal with the skin around the anus. It does not close on its own and requires procedural treatment. At Wyspa Medycyny Przyjaznej in Gdańsk, we treat anal fistulas using a 1470 nm laser and surgical techniques, selecting the treatment method according to the course and extent of the fistula.
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| Methods | 1470 nm laser, conventional surgery and combined techniques |
| Anaesthesia | local or procedural anaesthesia, depending on the method |
| Setting | usually an outpatient procedure |
| Recovery | shorter after laser treatment and longer after conventional surgery |
| Diagnosis | consultation and anoscopy |
A laser fibre is inserted into the fistula tract, and laser energy is used to close it thermally. This method reduces the risk of complications and usually allows patients to return to normal activities sooner than after conventional surgery. It is suitable for many fistulas with an uncomplicated course.
In more advanced cases, the fistula may be surgically excised or a seton may be inserted to allow the tract to close gradually. These methods are effective but are usually associated with a longer healing period.
Laser treatment may sometimes be combined with surgery. In other cases, the fistula tract may be filled with tissue adhesive or a collagen matrix. The choice depends on the anatomy and course of the fistula, which the doctor assesses during qualification for treatment.
Treatment is preceded by a proctology consultation, including a medical history and physical examination. When necessary, we perform anoscopy or rectoscopy to accurately assess the location and extent of the fistula and select the appropriate treatment method.
Recovery time depends on the treatment method. After laser treatment, patients usually return to their everyday activities sooner, while healing after conventional surgery may take longer. In every case, appropriate hygiene, diet and follow-up appointments are important.
Anal fistulas most commonly develop as a complication of a perianal abscess or chronic inflammation. Concerning symptoms include recurrent discharge, pain and swelling around the anus. Similar symptoms may also be caused by haemorrhoids, which is why it is important to determine the cause during a proctology consultation.
No. An anal fistula does not close on its own and requires procedural treatment. Available options include minimally invasive 1470 nm laser treatment and conventional surgical techniques. The doctor selects the appropriate method after assessing the course and extent of the fistula during the consultation.
Laser treatment is minimally invasive and is performed under anaesthesia, so discomfort is usually limited. Temporary pain or a feeling of tightness may occur afterwards. Patients generally return to everyday activities sooner than after conventional surgical treatment.
Healing time depends on the treatment method. Recovery is usually faster after laser treatment, while healing after conventional surgery may take longer. Proper hygiene of the anal area, an appropriate diet and follow-up appointments in accordance with the doctor’s recommendations are essential.
Yes. Recurrence is possible, particularly in complex fistulas. Precise closure of the fistula tract and following post-procedure recommendations significantly reduce this risk. Accurate diagnosis before treatment, including assessment of the course of the fistula, is therefore particularly important.
Do you have symptoms of an anal fistula? The earlier treatment begins, the simpler it may be.
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